As a pediatrician, he's witnessed, firsthand, children dying from preventable diseases. DAN GESCHWIND: That can give us enormous clues about the onset of autism, where it begins, how it begins, and hopefully how to treat it. Around 80 percent of Americans will catch it at some stage in their lives. Amazing, right? Some states, like California, have passed laws making it more difficult for parents to opt out. Massachusetts mandated the smallpox vaccine in 1855 and the same thing happened. And I'm looking at this child, examining this child, and I was like "This can't be. English (US) & Research Projects for $10 - $30. If you have any questions or problems, contact CDC/ATSDR Training and Continuing Education Online via email at ce@cdc.gov. NARRATOR Sharon Washington SCIENTIFIC ADVISORS Joseph Buxbaum Lauri Markowitz Glen Nowak Walter Orenstein FOR GENEPOOL PRODUCTIONS LINE PRODUCERS Josephine Wright Malvina Martin Roslyn Walker DIRECTOR OF PRODUCTION Toni Malone ASSOCIATE PRODUCER Harry Panagiotidis ASSOCIATE PRODUCER/2ND UNIT DIRECTOR Faye Welborn PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Sally Storey SOUND RECORDISTS Martin Keir Johnny Camillo Anton Herbert Paul Rusnak RESEARCHERS Florienne Loder James Shirvill Michiko Smith FIELD COORDINATORS Edward Eberwine Iii Collin Smith Ashley Tindall ARCHIVE RESEARCHER Nora Niasari Supported by SBS/Film Victoria Traineeship Program SCIENTIFIC ADVISORS (AUSTRALIA) Robert Booy Julie Leask SCRIPT ADVISORS Jenny Royle Andrew Masterson ORIGINAL MUSIC Peter Dasent © 2014 Origin Music Publishing (APRA) Music recorded and mixed by Robin Gist SOUND DESIGNER Tristan Meredith ANIMATION AND VISUAL FX 21-19 CREATIVE DIRECTOR Domenico Bartolo POST PRODUCTION FACILITY City Post COLORIST Dee McClelland ASSISTANT EDITORS Lidia Costa Lucy Paplinska ONLINE EDITOR Belinda Fithie PRODUCTION ACCOUNTANT Bronwyn Speziale BUSINESS AFFAIRS Katie Shortland CJZ EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Michael Cordell SBS COMMISSIONING EDITOR John Godfrey FOR TANGLED BANK STUDIOS HEAD OF TELEVISION AND FILM Michael Rosenfeld EXECUTIVE IN CHARGE Sean Carroll DIRECTOR OF OPERATIONS Lori Beane SENIOR PRODUCERS David Elisco Anne Tarrant SENIOR RESEARCHER Laura Helft PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Lorri Garcia-Cottrell ASSOCIATE PRODUCER Bailey Frankel POST PRODUCTION SUPERVISOR Arjun Rao ASSISTANT TO THE EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Wilma Davis TRANSMEDIA/MARKETING LEAD Anne Zeiser ARCHIVAL MATERIALS Bentley Reference Library Bibliothèque de L'Académie Nationale de Médecine CDC/Mary Hilperthauser/Stafford Smith/Meredith Hickson/ Dr John Noble, Jr. CNN Critical Past December Media / Pemberton Films Eli Lilly EUFA Getty Images Julian Harneis L'Oreal Women in Science footage Directed by Alexandre Auvigne, Courtesy of Phénomène, France The Mutter Museum NBC Universal Staplegun Prelinger Archives Additional footage from âJabbed – Love, Fear And Vaccines' Developed with the assistance of Film Victoria © 2013 Genepool Productions, Screen Australia and SBS Corporation SPECIAL THANKS The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia The University of Oklahoma The University of California The University of Michigan The Oregon Health & Science University Doernbecher Children's Hospital The City of New York Mayor's Office of Media and Entertainment Grand Central Terminal Oklahoma Film & Music Office City of Philadelphia Greater Philadelphia Film Office Quality Health Center San Francisco Recreation and Park Department NOVA SERIES GRAPHICS yU + co. NOVA THEME MUSIC Walter Werzowa John Luker Musikvergnuegen, Inc. ADDITIONAL NOVA THEME MUSIC Ray Loring Rob Morsberger CLOSED CAPTIONING The Caption Center POST PRODUCTION ONLINE EDITOR Spencer Gentry DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC RELATIONS Jennifer Welsh PUBLICITY Eileen Campion Eddie Ward SENIOR RESEARCHER Kate Becker ASSOCIATE RESEARCHER Shraddha Chakradhar NOVA ADMINISTRATOR Kristen Sommerhalter PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Linda Callahan PARALEGAL Sarah Erlandson TALENT RELATIONS Janice Flood LEGAL COUNSEL Susan Rosen DIGITAL MANAGING PRODUCER Kristine Allington SENIOR DIGITAL EDITOR Tim De Chant DIRECTOR OF DIGITAL MEDIA Lauren Aguirre DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATE Lisa Leombruni UNIT MANAGER Ariam McCrary POST PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Brittany Flynn SUPERVISING PRODUCER Kevin Young POST PRODUCTION EDITOR Rebecca Nieto BROADCAST MANAGER Nathan Gunner BUSINESS MANAGER Elizabeth Benjes DEVELOPMENT PRODUCER David Condon PROJECT DIRECTOR Pamela Rosenstein COORDINATING PRODUCER Laurie Cahalane SENIOR SCIENCE EDITOR Evan Hadingham SENIOR PRODUCERS Julia Cort Chris Schmidt SENIOR SERIES PRODUCER Melanie Wallace MANAGING DIRECTOR Alan Ritsko SENIOR EXECUTIVE PRODUCER Paula S. Apsell. The Universal Activity Number is JA4008229-0000-21-008-H06-P. Once credit is claimed, an unofficial statement of credit is immediately available on TCEOnline. Inactivated vaccines produce immune responses in different ways than live, attenuated vaccines. Review Immunization History Reviewing and assessing a patient’s immunization history should be done at every health care visit to help determine which vaccines may be needed. This is true of vaccines as well. He called his technique "vaccination," from "vacca," Latin for "cow.". But today, powerful concerns are in circulation. DR. SIMON FENSTERSZAUB (Quality Health Center): You don't have to cough, you just have to breathe. How they're getting exposed is irrelevant to the ability to prevent the disease. YULIA PATSAY: I don't know where we came up with that. DR. DARYL EFRON (Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia): Whooping cough is caused by a really nasty bacteria called Bordetella pertussis, and that produces a toxin that attacks the airways and causes a really nasty bronchitis. TOM PHILBIN: We rely on other people having their kids vaccinated to protect Luke. Season 41 Episode 14 | 53m 10s | Video has closed captioning. NARRATOR: Thanks to the injectable "Salk" vaccine and later, the oral "Sabin" vaccine, polio rates plummeted by 99 percent. Vaccines—Calling the Shots. They also understand that Luke was going to get this condition anyway. AMY MIDDLEMAN: As a mother and as a pediatrician, I think one of the biggest fears that I have and have always had, is that one of my children will get sick and I can't do anything about it. DR. DAN GESCHWIND (University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine): It's really extraordinary. So for people who say this doesn't happen anymore, we have the proof. We need to understand, so that we can help her. You Call the Shots consists of a series of modules that discuss vaccine-preventable diseases and the latest recommendations for vaccine storage, administration, and use. SAM JACKSON: We've chosen not to vaccinate further, because we know it was a trigger. Additional funding for this program is provided by Millicent Bell, through the Millicent and Eugene Bell Foundation. This reduces the number of shots we need and studies show it to be safe. Once the germ is removed, the immune army disbands, but they leave behind "memory cells." WB4266: Immunization: You Call the Shots-Module Ten-Storage and Handling—2020. To me, this is a lifesaving vaccine. She vaccinated her children as soon as it became available. You Call the Shots consists of a series of modules that discuss vaccine-preventable diseases and the latest recommendations for vaccine storage, administration, and use. GABRIELLA MAKSTMAN (Mother): I'm concerned about how many vaccines we have to give our children at once. NARRATOR: At least 10 percent of parents delay or skip some shots; around one percent don't vaccinate at all. YULIA PATSAY (Mother): There's just so much information there, and I don't, I don't know who to ask. Still other studies failed to find any link between autism and the number or timing of vaccines. NARRATOR: Luke Philbin was born a healthy, normal baby. The immune system is a natural defense system that uses biological processes to fight invaders such as germs. He returned home to his tight-knit Orthodox community, where most people vaccinate, but he came from a group of families strongly opposed to vaccines. NARRATOR: Amy Middleman is a mother of three. In 2006, the team made a key discovery: the majority of the children who had prolonged seizures after vaccination, also had a mutation causing Dravet syndrome. He was due to be vaccinated against whooping cough in the next week, but the germ has gotten to him first. Here, in California, almost three percent of children are exempt, and in some schools it's more than 30 percent. NARRATOR: The Department of Health tried to stop the spread. It's really important that it occurred so close to his vaccination. It shouldn't be given. What's driving some people away from vaccines? NARRATOR: In the 1950s, tens of thousands of American children were paralyzed by polio, and thousands of them died. It consists of a series of modules that discuss vaccine-preventable diseases and explain the latest recommendations for vaccine use. Vaccines—Calling the Shots. National corporate funding for NOVA is provided by Draper. I don't know if that's the right way. NARRATOR: Our lives are linked as never before, connected every day in a thousand unseen ways. But sometimes, these connections can pose an invisible threat, if the object we touch, or the air we share, carries a dangerous germ. And he told the world that the vaccine was safe, effective and potent. NARRATOR: Diseases largely unseen for a generation, are returning. PAUL OFFIT: I guess we all have our biases. The inactivated polio vaccine is an example of this type of vaccine. Ingrid Scheffer leads a team of Australian neuroscientists studying rare cases like Luke's, cases where prolonged seizures happen soon after vaccination. NARRATOR: David's father lobbied to have the vaccine changed, and in the year 2000, across the U.S., the oral vaccine was replaced by a safer injectable version. Vaccine ingredients. Continuing Competency credits available are 1. KATHY SALAMONE (Mother of Polio Patient): …high fever. People didn't understand why it worked, and it was never risk-free, but the smallpox death rate dropped, from around 30 percent to two percent. CNE: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention designates this activity for 1 nursing contact hours. We had thousands of people contracting polio prior to the vaccination. SIMON FENSTERSZAUB: This can't be. And, obviously, if the only cases of polio you have in a country come from the very vaccine designed to prevent it, it doesn't pass. NARRATOR: Today, scientists like Daniel Geschwind are making dramatic progress in finding the real causes of autism. DR. PAUL OFFIT (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia): Your job is to try and save children's lives, and when you stand helplessly by and watch them die, it gets to you. NARRATOR: Lady Mary successfully inoculated her own son and introduced the technique to England. Who doesn't want that for their child? NARRATOR: Paul Offit is an infectious disease expert. It consists of a series of modules that discuss vaccine-preventable diseases and explain the latest recommendations for vaccine use. NARRATOR: By 1994, the only cases of polio in the U.S. were those caused by the oral vaccine itself. We all make decisions that affect not only us, but others. How risky is that, really? Vaccines do not cause illness, but minor symptoms can occur, such as fever. A week or so later he, too, became ill. JANE ZUCKER: It was a very brief encounter, you know, seconds in an elevator! Now wait a second. Season 41 Episode 14 | 53m 10s | Video has closed captioning. ALISON SINGER: So, at this point, it's not like we have one study, or two studies, or five studies. NARRATOR: Today, children are getting sick and dying from preventable diseases, as nervous parents skip their children's shots. In order to receive continuing education (CE) for WB4417 Immunization: You Call the Shots-Module Ten-Storage and Handlingâ2021, please visit TCEO at www.cdc.gov/getCE and follow the 9 Simple Steps by 12/31/2021. And we were blaming ourselves, up to that point, really. Vaccines: Calling the Shots, a new documentary produced by the award-winning PBS series NOVA, presents a balanced and clear-eyed view of this increasingly prevalent issue. NARRATOR: But as vaccination made smallpox disappear, a curious thing happened: stories began to circulate of the dangers of the vaccination itself. Why did we do this? We don't talk about diphtheria and how you can get diphtheria before we give the Tdap vaccine. JoEllen Wolicki, BSN, RN, Nurse Educator, CDC/NCIRD, ORIGINATION DATE: 1/1/2021 EXPIRATION DATE: 12/31/2021, URL: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/ed/youcalltheshots.html
Why didn't it spread to the other 8,000,000 people in the city? CE Instructions for
NARRATOR: The immune cells arm themselves and then replicate, creating an army of clones. It was part of their daily existence. I want to come to the football game, I want to have a fun day with my family, and those benefits are worth putting myself at risk. The virus was in circulation, even though it often wasn't obvious, and it was being carried by people who often had no idea they were infected, but the vast majority of people who came into contact with the virus had protection: they were vaccinated. Their job is to remember the invader and to sound the alarm if it ever appears again. In Michigan and several other states, personal exemption rates have risen above five percent. WB4417: Immunization: You Call the Shots-Module Ten-Storage and Handlingâ2021
vaccine have been given in the U.S. Like all vaccines, it's carefully monitored for safety. SIMON FENSTERSZAUB: The first case that, that I saw was a 12-month-old girl that came into the office with mom, because of a rash. There are risks; there are benefits. A NOVA Production by Tangled Bank Studios, LLC in association with Genepool Productions Pty. DAN GESCHWIND: The genetics are pointing to early developmental processes, somewhere between 10 and 24 weeks or so of gestation. So the virus can sort of hang out in the air for up to two hours. At the center of this disturbing narrative lies the recent outbreak of measles across the United States and other countries. M. Suzanne Johnson-DeLeon, MPH, Health Education and Information Specialist, CDC/NCIRD
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